Unemployment is an economic phenomenon that began to emerge significantly with the boom of industry, as unemployment has had no meaning in traditional rural societies. According to the International Labor Organization, the unemployed is every person who is able and willing to work and is looking for it, but to no avail. Through this definition, it is clear that not everyone who does not work is unemployed. Pupils, the disabled, the elderly and retired people, those who have lost hope in finding work and temporary employers, and those in need of work are not considered unemployed. Those who suffer from it are called unemployed in the Levant and unemployment in Morocco. The causes of unemployment: 1 - the lack of jobs 2 - the spread of wars 3 - the large number of migrant workers 4 - the large number of young people who want to work and unemployment is also known as the compulsory stoppage of part of the workforce despite the ability and desire of this workforce to work and produce.
reason of unemployment
1- Population Explosion: - The size, quality, and age structure of the population represents the natural source of the workforce in light of the economic and cultural conditions in which society lives. There is no doubt that the numerical growth in the size of the population reflects its impact on the size of the new entrants to the labor market annually.
2 - Slow growth of economic activity: - With a significant increase in the number of individuals who are able to work and who are willing and looking for it, economic activity grows slowly, which leads to the lack of available job opportunities that are commensurate with the increase in the workforce
3- The existing imbalance between education policies, development needs and the labor market: - Among the reasons that lead to unemployment of learners in general is the imbalance that now exists between education policy and the labor market. This is not due to the mismatch between the educational structure and the structure of the economy, but also due to the difference in the speed of growth The two sectors mean that education produces more graduates than the ability of the economy to exploit them, despite the society's need for them
4- The state’s commitment to appoint graduates: - It is known that the state adopts the policy of graduates from universities and higher institutes, except that due to the massive expansion of education in its various stages, high population growth rates, and high demand for education, its outputs have increased in an incremental way, and the state’s commitment to assigning the outputs has resulted in overcrowding of the state’s agencies with excessive employment It does not add production, but it has contributed to the wages it receives in increasing inflation rates and decreasing labor productivity. The policy of immediate appointment of graduates has become an economic and social burden, and then university graduates and other stages of education had to wait years until job opportunities were created for them.
5- The prevailing trends and values: - The attitudes of individuals in large sectors of society towards working in the government is an important factor in the increase in the problem of unemployment, as it entrenches in the mind that entering the public office in the government is determined not only by the level of wages as evidence of the high wages of private sectors for government jobs, but also the center Social, authority and job security for life, leading some to refuse private sector jobs in the hope of obtaining a job in the government public sector, which ultimately results in high unemployment rates.
